The need for some far-reaching reforms in the budgetary procedures has been felt for a very long time. The existing heads of account and rules of classification are not easily understood. Moreover, they do not correspond to the heads of development adopted by the Planning Commission for plan purposes, with the result that a meaningful comparison of the plan and the budget becomes well-nigh impossible. In order to obviate this and to enable easy preparation of performance budgeting, the Administrative Reforms Commission appointed by the Government of India made certain recommendations for changes in the existing system of classification and budgeting. The Government of India appointed a team of officers to make detailed recommendations on the above lines. Based on these recommendations, the Comptroller and Auditor General of India had, under Article 150 of the Constitution, prescribed a new list of major and minor heads of account, to come into force with effect from 1st April, 1974. The list of major heads and minor heads sector-wise adopted by the State Government is at Appendix II in Part III.
Welcome to Budget manual:Codding Pattern Test
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The present budget manual incorporates these new heads of account. It also presents in one place the rules framed by the Finance Department for the guidance of estimating officers and the Departments of the Secretariat in the preparation and examination of budget estimates and the control to be exercised on expenditure so as to ensure that expenditure does not exceed the voted amount. The new system of heads of account to come into force on 1st April, 1974, will have a five-tier classification corresponding to sectors, functions, programs, schemes, and inputs of governmental activities. The present volume is in three parts. The proposed changes in the classification have been fully explained in Part I of this manual. Part II brings up-to-date the various instructions to the estimating officers for the preparation and examination of the budget estimates. Part III contains Appendices I to V-B. Appendices VI to IX and Forms A to M are being brought out separately.